STUDY - Technical - New Dacian's Medicine
Earth - The Evolution of Life (Part II).
Translation Draft
Thus, after the „Ice Globe” period, contrary to expectations, the first forms of life called by new simple animals (such as bilateral – so-called due to bilateral symmetry – and fish) appear. Now, life, which had gone through the „fire” temperatures of a molten planet, goes through the freezing temperatures of a frozen planet (on its own), „escaping” from this freezing, certainly, only 550 million years ago, when the supercontinent Rodinia was fragmented and allowed the Earth to thaw (through the re-emergence of ocean currents of equatorial heat transport to the poles) and to „go” on the „road of life” with the beginning of the Cambrian from the Precambrian.
In this period of pre-Cambrian and Earth warming, the first proto-amphibians, as well as fungi, corals and anemones, and others, appear.
542 million years ago another extinction of life proportions took place, many species disappearing at the beginning of the Cambrian. The reasoning of this precise dating is interesting because it represents a model of deductive paleo-geological thinking.
Thus, exactly at the beginning of the Cambrian period, there is a significant decrease in the abundance of element C13. This is so widespread that it represents the best indicator of the position of the boundary between Precambrian and Cambrian. Evidence found in Oman shows that the decrease in carbon concentration 13 is closely related to the disappearance of numerous living species.
Fortunately, this area also proves an intense volcanic activity, revealing the cause of this massive extinction and, fortunately, the volcanic ash contains zirconium which allowed a very accurate dating of the event.
Then comes the Cambrian, best known for the explosion of life, the so-called „Cambrian explosion” (from 545 million years ago to 505 million years ago). But, this explosion of life took place, almost exclusively, at the aquatic level, the land being „populated” only in the coastal areas, where the tides provided the algae with some kind of amphibious environment.
But, to remember, the coastal areas were getting bigger and bigger, due to the tectonic evolution and this form of propulsion of the evolution of life becomes a real engine that will feed the land’s people.
Now are the „times” in which the evolution of life „appeals” to all three incipient ways of diversification.
According to experts, mass extinction is one of the ways already used by history. It seems paradoxical, but through mass extinction, the opportunity of new forms of life appears to evolve in an environment that was previously in a stable equilibrium, invincible. Moreover, mass extinctions also allow some kind of forced adaptation of the forms of life that continue your existence, based on natural selection.
The next „form” is represented by „stem evolution”. This form of evolution has already been tested by history and is represented by the emergence of a new species, very little differentiated from the original one, which appears through genetic differentiation or genetic mutation.
And the last form is represented by „evolution in the crown”. This is a form of evolution of stem evolution because the latter is manifested in relatively small areas and does not allow massive diversification (what would be the evolution in the crown). But, through tectonic movements, the small areas of stem evolution were separated and had a restricted evolution to the remaining area.
Through the recombination of the small continents, along with the tectonic evolution, these „separate evolutions” were recombined and, due to their relatively similar genetic potential, genetic recombinations with an explosion of evolutionary variants were possible, which describes the „evolution in the crown”. Thus, from a limited number of species, through recombination, a significant number of new species results rapidly (in evolutionary terms).
However, it was obvious that the evolution of life is directly related to environmental changes and global factors such as the „space” of the earth, the atmosphere, the external environment of the Earth, etc.
Now they are discovered (officially recognized – because there is indirect evidence that fish and proto-amphibians already existed) the first multicellular organisms more complex than sponges and about 50 major „life groups” have appeared. In short, life is shaking its head …
This is even though, during the period between 460 and 420 million years ago, there was a significant glaciation, called by researchers the Andrean-Saharan glaciation that „unfolded” during the Late Ordovician and the Silurian period. This freezing was due to the CO2 cleaning of the atmosphere by the plants, as a result of the significant increase of the oxygen level.
It is the period of the famous Trilobites and crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks, brachiopods, giant sea scorpions but also the famous fishes of placoderms and cephalopods. 435 million years ago, the plants also climbed, timidly, on land, the water level is very high (there were not many polar caps) the tides „revealed” large land surfaces allowing the constant „dry” development of the plants.
The first ancestors of vertebrates (in some species of placoderms fish) also appear. And this „invasion” of life also continues in the Ordovician until …
415 million years ago, at the end of the Ordovician, from where the Precambrian Silurian period will begin when Terra was a true paradise of aquatic life, a new Armageddon took place. A star, 600 light-years away (?!?) From our planet, becomes a supernova, exploding. By this explosion, this star sends a beam of gamma radiation directly to our planet and …
This controversial theory begins by stating that if the supernova were closer to us the atmosphere would have been destroyed or, moreover, would have „eviscerated” the surface of the entire planet. But, for a start, it destroyed over 30% of the ozone layer, and so thin, the atmosphere, allowing solar radiation to affect plankton, in its form of existence from those times (without taking into account the direct deadly effect of radiation). gamma on life).
And, as in our times, it is the main food source for many of the existing species. Thus, the base of the „food chain” (the food chain) has been almost destroyed. The action of the gamma current on the atmosphere also attracted a process that led to the cooling of the entire planet, long enough to negatively affect and lead to the destruction of the coral-like structures with everything that attracts this for the living „in their ecosystem” (both lack of food and breeding places).
The cooling of the climate has also attracted the appearance of new ocean currents and the surprises have appeared (after a long, tens of millions of years, stable, calm weather) have wreaked havoc on the shallow waters where most life forms had developed. And, climate change has attracted the formation of a massive polar cap, up (N), where the Gondwana supercontinent was.
And, look like this, the cumulative effect of all those presented attracted the loss of over 70% of the life forms existing at that time. But there are also good things … This has led to a great decrease in the level of the oceans and, thus, an increase of the terrestrial surface, which has attracted not only the „forcing” of the plants to become terrestrial but also the appearance of the first terrestrial insects.
They „took advantage” of the „invasion” of the coastal areas by the algae that evolved into the terrestrial environment, starting a kind of evolution in direct symbiosis with them (symbiosis that already existed in the aquatic environment).
And after 3 million years, everything was back to normal. Along the Silurian (415 – 400 million years ago) and then the Devonian (400 – 360 million years ago), the climate has become tropical and the diversity of the living creatures, no matter how affected by previous events, goes further.
The first fish with jaws and teeth appear (410 million years ago), most of the modern plants have ancestors during this period (395 million years ago), insects populate the land in close connection with the development of plant-related ecosystems (400 million years ago) years) and, at the end of the Devonian, the first amphibious tetrapods appear.
Now is the time when life forms such as Ichthyostega, considered to be one of the ancestors of amphibians, begin to diversify life along this line.
The global environment is increasingly supported by the development of plants that produce more and more oxygen (in those times there was 1.5 more oxygen in the atmosphere, compared to our times), permanently improving the evolution of life and the popularity of the land.
But even now, life is not allowed to go ahead „freely”. 377 million years ago, at the end of the late Devonian, another event with Armageddon value is recorded.
Everything will be triggered by the movement of a magma „super-rift” through the mantle that will come out above the earth’s crust in the area where Siberia is today.
The magnitude of the eruption was huge, and the surface on which it occurred was the same. The effects were immediate for the nearby areas but almost everything would be covered by the poisoning (of its own) of the volcanic toxins and then by the increase of the greenhouse effect through the gases released into the atmosphere (CO2 in particular, which attracted the phenomenon of global warming with all its adverse effects).
It is estimated that the temperature of the ocean waters exceeded 30 degrees Celsius, which attracted serious disturbance of the ecosystems. However, although Terra was about to lose her life, this warming greatly favored the development of terrestrial life (defending the birth of live chickens, typical of mammals), for all the kingdoms that had populated the land.
But, unfavorably, it also facilitated the development of algae that began to deoxygenate the waters of the oceans – the „pink ocean” (after more than 250,000 years of continuous volcanic activity), the planetary ocean gaining a green (death) color. Then, after 750,000 years of aquatic action, the volcanoes broke out and landed.
The volume of ash thrown into the atmosphere was immense, reaching almost completely reflecting the sun’s rays „arriving” frost, even though the vegetation fires covered almost the entire planet. Only after 1.5 million years did everything settle down, after more than 70% of all species of life had disappeared.
And, all traces were erased only after 10 million years, life resuming its expansion, at the end of this period appearing the first true amphibian (which has all the characteristics of modern amphibians).
Next is the lush Carboniferous period, between 360 and 285 million years ago.
The land is slowly but surely covered by tropical forests that allow a massive diversification of the life on land, first of all, the plants and insects that had claimed the land long before, besides being noticed by special development of amphibians (now 340 million years ago, the first vertebrate amniotes (330 million years ago) appear, the first reptiles (305 million years ago).
It is worth noting that from this period the first fossils that indicate the appearance of lungs in amphibians and their evolution in both amphibians and reptiles appeared.
During this period the therapids (mammal ancestors) separate from the synapsids and many, many more. Life has „blossomed” in diversity and evolution and the next period, named by scientists, Permian.
Proof of the „luxury” in which life has developed is the huge deposits of coal, oil, and natural gas nowadays that are nothing but „fossilized remains of life since.” The Earth has been the place of peace and prosperity for many millions of years, a „Garden of Eden for a lifetime” both in water and on land …
But as a kind of balance of this „Eden”, in Carbonifer and the early Permian (360 to 260 million years ago), the polar caps had huge dimensions, the cause being all the vegetation cleaning the CO2 atmosphere against the background of a growing concentration of O2.
The moment comes 250 million years ago (at the end of the Permian) with a new attempt at life on Earth. It is the time of the largest volcanic activity ever recorded (discovered).
It is the moment of the greatest catastrophe of life, the so-called „Mother of all extinctions” when more than 95% of the manifestations of life are lost, passing beyond „the moment of complete annihilation”.
It is the moment when the process of „fragmentation” of the supercontinent called Pangaea begins, the faults leaving the area of present-day Siberia. Here, the old super-volcanic area of Siberia recurs, maybe that’s why it was called the „Siberian Trap”.
As a parenthesis, some scientific elements indicate that at the time, our galaxy, the Milky Way, intersected a „dark nebula” that energetically overcharged the Earth’s magmatic interior causing the great Siberian eruption.
The scenario is the same as for all the volcanic disasters that have been and will occur: toxic gases, lava, and volcanic ash waves and overheated air, etc. The „initial” surface of the starting phenomena is, of course, huge, fueling all the „decisive” changes that will follow, the entire land surface to be affected, slowly but surely.
To this is added the immense duration of continuously manifested volcanic phenomena as well as the fact that almost the entire earth’s surface was „grouped” in the supercontinent Pangaea.
Like last time, gases (CO2, in particular) and ash emitted by eruptions attract dramatic climate change, starting with global warming, followed by acid rain with intensity and aggressiveness that is hard to imagine.
This warming has favored the development of reptiles and mammals but has disadvantaged all other forms of existence, including plants (whose massive „loss” will lead to lower levels of atmospheric oxygen at life-threatening levels – affecting the actual fall of the food chain).
And, at the level of the planetary ocean, the ravages were similar, with the difference that there were 70% of all life forms here and, consequently, the losses were enormous (following the same scenario of heating followed by the loss of oxygen, then the actual poisoning). But after 1.2 million years, all of this has passed and life has resumed its evolution, even starting from less than 10% of its pre-extinction forms.
It is the turn of the Mesozoic (middle) era with its first part represented by Triassic (its beginning being 245 million years ago). Life is recovering from all points of view (plants and all forms of terrestrial life), this first-period being also called the „Mesozoic Marine Revolution”, terrestrial reptiles that thrive on the background of a particularly hot climate (as a result of the levers’ action). Siberian trap „, which will” last „longer).
And, 225 million years ago, the first Saurians appeared, 220 million years ago, the first species of fish with complete skeletal bones, the first fully developed mammals, similar to those of today, the first forests of gymnosperms, are „attested”. In short, in a short period (concerning the age of evolution) everything explodes from „almost nothing left” and is getting closer and closer to what we know today.
Another crossroads, which can be considered as a kind of transition moment from Triassic to Jurassic, is that of 200 million years ago. And Earth was still in „recovery” after „Mother of all extinctions”, ecosystems being close to something that could be considered normal …
Now, the starting point also located in the „right” of present-day Siberia, „sends” its cracks throughout the whole Pangaea, realizing the real, tangible initiation of its fragmentation.
Now eruptions of the „lava wave” type („lava wall”) are occurring again, their characteristics being the violent release of lava, gases, etc. along with the crusts of the earth’s crust (like a lava wall stretched for miles). ).
A new detail in this inferno (compared to the previous extinction) is the one related to the forest fires (in the previous sediments there were no traces of massive vegetation fires). And, of course, the radioactivity of the fossils of that period induces an interstellar energy insertion as the cause of all problems, this time being a supernova.
But, after 500,000 years, everything ended with the breaking of the supercontinent that created then what is nowadays the „Atlantic Crevasse” and the „initiation” of the existence of the continents that we know today, but „attracted” and lost 75%. from existing forms of life.
Another particularity related to life appears the first accepted evidence of a virus (geminiviridae) that infects eukaryotic cells (the history of viruses is still little known/studied and it seems that, as a result of this evidence, they emerged from (and through) the evolution of life. itself, as a relatively recent phenomenon).
Jurassic brings us dinosaurs (so known to us). Now, the environment was perfect for their development (and beyond). The early Sauropode pterosaurs and dinosaurs are rapidly emerging (195 million years ago) along with an increase in the diversity of all Saurians.
190 million years ago, plant life appeared to have fully recovered by recapturing the Earth, both the dry and the aquatic environment, favoring the explosion (on its own) of all life forms. I could present many temporal landmarks of the evolution of life forms but, of course, everything flourishes and diversifies. For example, during this period, angiosperms with highly advanced reproductive capacities appear for those times (the „use” of insects for pollination), even though their habitat was massively constrained by the existence of these insects.
For example, 155 million years ago, the „traces” of the first blood-eating insects (the ancestors of the annoying mosquitoes) appear, Archeopteryx appears (considered to be the ancestor of today’s birds).
And, 144 million years ago, the last „sequence” of the Mesozoic, the Cretaceous, begins. It is the period when angiosperms (flowering plants – 130 million years ago) appear, the first monotreme mammals (115 million years ago), the first bees (100 million years ago), the first ants (80 million years ago) …
90 million years ago the „traces” of the first placental mammal appear, if I may say so (some researchers dispute this date, but dating 66 million years ago is accepted). According to the researchers, they appear along the shores of the great continent of then, Gondwana, „initially” benefiting from „stem evolution”.
In short everything benefits from the more than 125 million years of peace, peace (as much as possible, if we take into account the great predatory dinosaurs) and development … What to keep in mind: towards the end of this period, it seems that the processes of prosperity and development emerged from they had become accentuated, everything becoming a wonderful explosion of life …
65 million years ago comes the „death from heaven” … The Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico is hit by Mount Everest (an asteroid that appears to be almost 10 kilometers in its maximum size) with a speed that is hard to imagine by the human mind.
The force of the impact is estimated to have been similar to 20 million bombs from Hiroshima (1 megaton every 6 kilometers of the planet – the total force is estimated to be 100 megatons – just that?!?).
Life hundreds of kilometers away from the impact area have disappeared instantly. Then, in the „neighborhoods” followed the devastating earthquakes, landslides, and, last but not least, a hard-to-imagine tsunami in dimensions (the water wall was hundreds of meters high) that swept life off the coasts of the ocean (all at speeds). greater than the speed of sound).
The remnants of matter thrown into the air by the force of the impact „succeed” in affecting the rest of the Earth within 6-7 hours after the impact (the period in which the entire planet is affected only by the impact and its actual results). However, the debris of matter will plummet from the sky for a long time, Earth, viewed from space, being surrounded by numerous debris of matter that will plummet many days (even months) after impact.
Fires encompass the entire plant world, the air heats up, storms of an intensity difficult to imagine, acid rain, light no longer reaches vegetation for a long time, oceans are poisoned, rising atmospheric temperatures by tens of degrees Celsius after a long period global cooling, etc.
Everything is repeated quite similar to the previous volcanic Armageddon but compressed in time, in a maximum of 1,000 years. Hard to believe that anyone else has escaped but dinosaurs have disappeared with certainty since then (along with 70% of all life forms since then).
And everything is entering a new period of tranquility and development, this time the land of life being dedicated this time to the mammals that will conquer the earth.
Among the more unpleasant events at the global level, it can be remembered that 34 million years ago Antarctica began to be covered by ice, in the middle of the Cenozoic and 2.6 million years ago, in Quaternary, the formation of the Arctic cape began.
The so-called „modern” glacial periods appear only now, with the so-called Riss glaciation, from the period 180,000 years ago to 130,000 years ago.
Finally, 74,000 years ago, humanity „participates” in a new event that may be associated with extinction. Scientists say that Homo Sapiens was very close to extinction (based on genetic studies it is estimated that this event „lowered” the level of humanity to less than 20,000 individuals, representing a critically dangerous limit).
Now comes the last great glaciation (Wurm), between 70,000 years ago and 10,000 years ago.
A new volcanic eruption of large proportions (in the current area of Sumatra – Toba’s supervolcano) with all that has been described and the other major eruptions that have led to extinction. But this time, the proportions were much smaller. For example, the eruption lasted only a month, the sunlight was „taken” for only 10 months, but the global cooling that followed „framed” as a kind of return to a new ice age (at that time, Earth it was in an interglacial phase and it is stated that this is the event that triggered the new ice age that lasted about 10,000 years.
Then, after this glacial age, it seems that the flood mentioned in almost all the holy books of the earth’s religions „occurred” because this last glaciation „caught” the man.
And, if I continue to reach man, I will end this post and start the ones about the man … But not before „drawing” some conclusions.
Life has indeed been put to the test many times, proving that each time, it has used death to go further than before. Life has passed over planets of fire, bombed, frozen planets, over impossible pressures and temperatures, over catastrophic cosmic events …
And, each time, he „terraformed” the environment and took advantage of it in all its splendor and diversity.
And, for all this, it only needs water and … Chance?!? Not at all …
The entire cosmos (universe) is finely granted for the existence of life. And this, wherever he finds the vaguest opportunities, will transform everything to exist … Regardless of the form in which it will manifest itself, regardless of the top of the food chain, whether it will end up in a place to start all over again. -another…
This would be the conclusion (which will be „taken over”) of this post …
Love, Gratitude, and Understanding!
Thus, after the „Ice Globe” period, contrary to expectations, the first forms of life called by new simple animals (such as bilateral – so-called due to bilateral symmetry – and fish) appear. Now, life, which had gone through the „fire” temperatures of a molten planet, goes through the freezing temperatures of a frozen planet (on its own), „escaping” from this freezing, certainly, only 550 million years ago, when the supercontinent Rodinia was fragmented and allowed the Earth to thaw (through the re-emergence of ocean currents of equatorial heat transport to the poles) and to „go” on the „road of life” with the beginning of the Cambrian from the Precambrian.
In this period of pre-Cambrian and Earth warming, the first proto-amphibians, as well as fungi, corals and anemones, and others, appear.
542 million years ago another extinction of life proportions took place, many species disappearing at the beginning of the Cambrian. The reasoning of this precise dating is interesting because it represents a model of deductive paleo-geological thinking.
Thus, exactly at the beginning of the Cambrian period, there is a significant decrease in the abundance of element C13. This is so widespread that it represents the best indicator of the position of the boundary between Precambrian and Cambrian. Evidence found in Oman shows that the decrease in carbon concentration 13 is closely related to the disappearance of numerous living species.
Fortunately, this area also proves an intense volcanic activity, revealing the cause of this massive extinction and, fortunately, the volcanic ash contains zirconium which allowed a very accurate dating of the event.
Then comes the Cambrian, best known for the explosion of life, the so-called „Cambrian explosion” (from 545 million years ago to 505 million years ago). But, this explosion of life took place, almost exclusively, at the aquatic level, the land being „populated” only in the coastal areas, where the tides provided the algae with some kind of amphibious environment.
But, to remember, the coastal areas were getting bigger and bigger, due to the tectonic evolution and this form of propulsion of the evolution of life becomes a real engine that will feed the land’s people.
Now are the „times” in which the evolution of life „appeals” to all three incipient ways of diversification.
According to experts, mass extinction is one of the ways already used by history. It seems paradoxical, but through mass extinction, the opportunity of new forms of life appears to evolve in an environment that was previously in a stable equilibrium, invincible. Moreover, mass extinctions also allow some kind of forced adaptation of the forms of life that continue your existence, based on natural selection.
The next „form” is represented by „stem evolution”. This form of evolution has already been tested by history and is represented by the emergence of a new species, very little differentiated from the original one, which appears through genetic differentiation or genetic mutation.
And the last form is represented by „evolution in the crown”. This is a form of evolution of stem evolution because the latter is manifested in relatively small areas and does not allow massive diversification (what would be the evolution in the crown). But, through tectonic movements, the small areas of stem evolution were separated and had a restricted evolution to the remaining area.
Through the recombination of the small continents, along with the tectonic evolution, these „separate evolutions” were recombined and, due to their relatively similar genetic potential, genetic recombinations with an explosion of evolutionary variants were possible, which describes the „evolution in the crown”. Thus, from a limited number of species, through recombination, a significant number of new species results rapidly (in evolutionary terms).
However, it was obvious that the evolution of life is directly related to environmental changes and global factors such as the „space” of the earth, the atmosphere, the external environment of the Earth, etc.
Now they are discovered (officially recognized – because there is indirect evidence that fish and proto-amphibians already existed) the first multicellular organisms more complex than sponges and about 50 major „life groups” have appeared. In short, life is shaking its head …
This is even though, during the period between 460 and 420 million years ago, there was a significant glaciation, called by researchers the Andrean-Saharan glaciation that „unfolded” during the Late Ordovician and the Silurian period. This freezing was due to the CO2 cleaning of the atmosphere by the plants, as a result of the significant increase of the oxygen level.
It is the period of the famous Trilobites and crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks, brachiopods, giant sea scorpions but also the famous fishes of placoderms and cephalopods. 435 million years ago, the plants also climbed, timidly, on land, the water level is very high (there were not many polar caps) the tides „revealed” large land surfaces allowing the constant „dry” development of the plants.
The first ancestors of vertebrates (in some species of placoderms fish) also appear. And this „invasion” of life also continues in the Ordovician until …
415 million years ago, at the end of the Ordovician, from where the Precambrian Silurian period will begin when Terra was a true paradise of aquatic life, a new Armageddon took place. A star, 600 light-years away (?!?) From our planet, becomes a supernova, exploding. By this explosion, this star sends a beam of gamma radiation directly to our planet and …
This controversial theory begins by stating that if the supernova were closer to us the atmosphere would have been destroyed or, moreover, would have „eviscerated” the surface of the entire planet. But, for a start, it destroyed over 30% of the ozone layer, and so thin, the atmosphere, allowing solar radiation to affect plankton, in its form of existence from those times (without taking into account the direct deadly effect of radiation). gamma on life).
And, as in our times, it is the main food source for many of the existing species. Thus, the base of the „food chain” (the food chain) has been almost destroyed. The action of the gamma current on the atmosphere also attracted a process that led to the cooling of the entire planet, long enough to negatively affect and lead to the destruction of the coral-like structures with everything that attracts this for the living „in their ecosystem” (both lack of food and breeding places).
The cooling of the climate has also attracted the appearance of new ocean currents and the surprises have appeared (after a long, tens of millions of years, stable, calm weather) have wreaked havoc on the shallow waters where most life forms had developed. And, climate change has attracted the formation of a massive polar cap, up (N), where the Gondwana supercontinent was.
And, look like this, the cumulative effect of all those presented attracted the loss of over 70% of the life forms existing at that time. But there are also good things … This has led to a great decrease in the level of the oceans and, thus, an increase of the terrestrial surface, which has attracted not only the „forcing” of the plants to become terrestrial but also the appearance of the first terrestrial insects.
They „took advantage” of the „invasion” of the coastal areas by the algae that evolved into the terrestrial environment, starting a kind of evolution in direct symbiosis with them (symbiosis that already existed in the aquatic environment).
And after 3 million years, everything was back to normal. Along the Silurian (415 – 400 million years ago) and then the Devonian (400 – 360 million years ago), the climate has become tropical and the diversity of the living creatures, no matter how affected by previous events, goes further.
The first fish with jaws and teeth appear (410 million years ago), most of the modern plants have ancestors during this period (395 million years ago), insects populate the land in close connection with the development of plant-related ecosystems (400 million years ago) years) and, at the end of the Devonian, the first amphibious tetrapods appear.
Now is the time when life forms such as Ichthyostega, considered to be one of the ancestors of amphibians, begin to diversify life along this line.
The global environment is increasingly supported by the development of plants that produce more and more oxygen (in those times there was 1.5 more oxygen in the atmosphere, compared to our times), permanently improving the evolution of life and the popularity of the land.
But even now, life is not allowed to go ahead „freely”. 377 million years ago, at the end of the late Devonian, another event with Armageddon value is recorded.
Everything will be triggered by the movement of a magma „super-rift” through the mantle that will come out above the earth’s crust in the area where Siberia is today.
The magnitude of the eruption was huge, and the surface on which it occurred was the same. The effects were immediate for the nearby areas but almost everything would be covered by the poisoning (of its own) of the volcanic toxins and then by the increase of the greenhouse effect through the gases released into the atmosphere (CO2 in particular, which attracted the phenomenon of global warming with all its adverse effects).
It is estimated that the temperature of the ocean waters exceeded 30 degrees Celsius, which attracted serious disturbance of the ecosystems. However, although Terra was about to lose her life, this warming greatly favored the development of terrestrial life (defending the birth of live chickens, typical of mammals), for all the kingdoms that had populated the land.
But, unfavorably, it also facilitated the development of algae that began to deoxygenate the waters of the oceans – the „pink ocean” (after more than 250,000 years of continuous volcanic activity), the planetary ocean gaining a green (death) color. Then, after 750,000 years of aquatic action, the volcanoes broke out and landed.
The volume of ash thrown into the atmosphere was immense, reaching almost completely reflecting the sun’s rays „arriving” frost, even though the vegetation fires covered almost the entire planet. Only after 1.5 million years did everything settle down, after more than 70% of all species of life had disappeared.
And, all traces were erased only after 10 million years, life resuming its expansion, at the end of this period appearing the first true amphibian (which has all the characteristics of modern amphibians).
Next is the lush Carboniferous period, between 360 and 285 million years ago.
The land is slowly but surely covered by tropical forests that allow a massive diversification of the life on land, first of all, the plants and insects that had claimed the land long before, besides being noticed by special development of amphibians (now 340 million years ago, the first vertebrate amniotes (330 million years ago) appear, the first reptiles (305 million years ago).
It is worth noting that from this period the first fossils that indicate the appearance of lungs in amphibians and their evolution in both amphibians and reptiles appeared.
During this period the therapids (mammal ancestors) separate from the synapsids and many, many more. Life has „blossomed” in diversity and evolution and the next period, named by scientists, Permian.
Proof of the „luxury” in which life has developed is the huge deposits of coal, oil, and natural gas nowadays that are nothing but „fossilized remains of life since.” The Earth has been the place of peace and prosperity for many millions of years, a „Garden of Eden for a lifetime” both in water and on land …
But as a kind of balance of this „Eden”, in Carbonifer and the early Permian (360 to 260 million years ago), the polar caps had huge dimensions, the cause being all the vegetation cleaning the CO2 atmosphere against the background of a growing concentration of O2.
The moment comes 250 million years ago (at the end of the Permian) with a new attempt at life on Earth. It is the time of the largest volcanic activity ever recorded (discovered).
It is the moment of the greatest catastrophe of life, the so-called „Mother of all extinctions” when more than 95% of the manifestations of life are lost, passing beyond „the moment of complete annihilation”.
It is the moment when the process of „fragmentation” of the supercontinent called Pangaea begins, the faults leaving the area of present-day Siberia. Here, the old super-volcanic area of Siberia recurs, maybe that’s why it was called the „Siberian Trap”.
As a parenthesis, some scientific elements indicate that at the time, our galaxy, the Milky Way, intersected a „dark nebula” that energetically overcharged the Earth’s magmatic interior causing the great Siberian eruption.
The scenario is the same as for all the volcanic disasters that have been and will occur: toxic gases, lava, and volcanic ash waves and overheated air, etc. The „initial” surface of the starting phenomena is, of course, huge, fueling all the „decisive” changes that will follow, the entire land surface to be affected, slowly but surely.
To this is added the immense duration of continuously manifested volcanic phenomena as well as the fact that almost the entire earth’s surface was „grouped” in the supercontinent Pangaea.
Like last time, gases (CO2, in particular) and ash emitted by eruptions attract dramatic climate change, starting with global warming, followed by acid rain with intensity and aggressiveness that is hard to imagine.
This warming has favored the development of reptiles and mammals but has disadvantaged all other forms of existence, including plants (whose massive „loss” will lead to lower levels of atmospheric oxygen at life-threatening levels – affecting the actual fall of the food chain).
And, at the level of the planetary ocean, the ravages were similar, with the difference that there were 70% of all life forms here and, consequently, the losses were enormous (following the same scenario of heating followed by the loss of oxygen, then the actual poisoning). But after 1.2 million years, all of this has passed and life has resumed its evolution, even starting from less than 10% of its pre-extinction forms.
It is the turn of the Mesozoic (middle) era with its first part represented by Triassic (its beginning being 245 million years ago). Life is recovering from all points of view (plants and all forms of terrestrial life), this first-period being also called the „Mesozoic Marine Revolution”, terrestrial reptiles that thrive on the background of a particularly hot climate (as a result of the levers’ action). Siberian trap „, which will” last „longer).
And, 225 million years ago, the first Saurians appeared, 220 million years ago, the first species of fish with complete skeletal bones, the first fully developed mammals, similar to those of today, the first forests of gymnosperms, are „attested”. In short, in a short period (concerning the age of evolution) everything explodes from „almost nothing left” and is getting closer and closer to what we know today.
Another crossroads, which can be considered as a kind of transition moment from Triassic to Jurassic, is that of 200 million years ago. And Earth was still in „recovery” after „Mother of all extinctions”, ecosystems being close to something that could be considered normal …
Now, the starting point also located in the „right” of present-day Siberia, „sends” its cracks throughout the whole Pangaea, realizing the real, tangible initiation of its fragmentation.
Now eruptions of the „lava wave” type („lava wall”) are occurring again, their characteristics being the violent release of lava, gases, etc. along with the crusts of the earth’s crust (like a lava wall stretched for miles). ).
A new detail in this inferno (compared to the previous extinction) is the one related to the forest fires (in the previous sediments there were no traces of massive vegetation fires). And, of course, the radioactivity of the fossils of that period induces an interstellar energy insertion as the cause of all problems, this time being a supernova.
But, after 500,000 years, everything ended with the breaking of the supercontinent that created then what is nowadays the „Atlantic Crevasse” and the „initiation” of the existence of the continents that we know today, but „attracted” and lost 75%. from existing forms of life.
Another particularity related to life appears the first accepted evidence of a virus (geminiviridae) that infects eukaryotic cells (the history of viruses is still little known/studied and it seems that, as a result of this evidence, they emerged from (and through) the evolution of life. itself, as a relatively recent phenomenon).
Jurassic brings us dinosaurs (so known to us). Now, the environment was perfect for their development (and beyond). The early Sauropode pterosaurs and dinosaurs are rapidly emerging (195 million years ago) along with an increase in the diversity of all Saurians.
190 million years ago, plant life appeared to have fully recovered by recapturing the Earth, both the dry and the aquatic environment, favoring the explosion (on its own) of all life forms. I could present many temporal landmarks of the evolution of life forms but, of course, everything flourishes and diversifies. For example, during this period, angiosperms with highly advanced reproductive capacities appear for those times (the „use” of insects for pollination), even though their habitat was massively constrained by the existence of these insects.
For example, 155 million years ago, the „traces” of the first blood-eating insects (the ancestors of the annoying mosquitoes) appear, Archeopteryx appears (considered to be the ancestor of today’s birds).
And, 144 million years ago, the last „sequence” of the Mesozoic, the Cretaceous, begins. It is the period when angiosperms (flowering plants – 130 million years ago) appear, the first monotreme mammals (115 million years ago), the first bees (100 million years ago), the first ants (80 million years ago) …
90 million years ago the „traces” of the first placental mammal appear, if I may say so (some researchers dispute this date, but dating 66 million years ago is accepted). According to the researchers, they appear along the shores of the great continent of then, Gondwana, „initially” benefiting from „stem evolution”.
In short everything benefits from the more than 125 million years of peace, peace (as much as possible, if we take into account the great predatory dinosaurs) and development … What to keep in mind: towards the end of this period, it seems that the processes of prosperity and development emerged from they had become accentuated, everything becoming a wonderful explosion of life …
65 million years ago comes the „death from heaven” … The Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico is hit by Mount Everest (an asteroid that appears to be almost 10 kilometers in its maximum size) with a speed that is hard to imagine by the human mind.
The force of the impact is estimated to have been similar to 20 million bombs from Hiroshima (1 megaton every 6 kilometers of the planet – the total force is estimated to be 100 megatons – just that?!?).
Life hundreds of kilometers away from the impact area have disappeared instantly. Then, in the „neighborhoods” followed the devastating earthquakes, landslides, and, last but not least, a hard-to-imagine tsunami in dimensions (the water wall was hundreds of meters high) that swept life off the coasts of the ocean (all at speeds). greater than the speed of sound).
The remnants of matter thrown into the air by the force of the impact „succeed” in affecting the rest of the Earth within 6-7 hours after the impact (the period in which the entire planet is affected only by the impact and its actual results). However, the debris of matter will plummet from the sky for a long time, Earth, viewed from space, being surrounded by numerous debris of matter that will plummet many days (even months) after impact.
Fires encompass the entire plant world, the air heats up, storms of an intensity difficult to imagine, acid rain, light no longer reaches vegetation for a long time, oceans are poisoned, rising atmospheric temperatures by tens of degrees Celsius after a long period global cooling, etc.
Everything is repeated quite similar to the previous volcanic Armageddon but compressed in time, in a maximum of 1,000 years. Hard to believe that anyone else has escaped but dinosaurs have disappeared with certainty since then (along with 70% of all life forms since then).
And everything is entering a new period of tranquility and development, this time the land of life being dedicated this time to the mammals that will conquer the earth.
Among the more unpleasant events at the global level, it can be remembered that 34 million years ago Antarctica began to be covered by ice, in the middle of the Cenozoic and 2.6 million years ago, in Quaternary, the formation of the Arctic cape began.
The so-called „modern” glacial periods appear only now, with the so-called Riss glaciation, from the period 180,000 years ago to 130,000 years ago.
Finally, 74,000 years ago, humanity „participates” in a new event that may be associated with extinction. Scientists say that Homo Sapiens was very close to extinction (based on genetic studies it is estimated that this event „lowered” the level of humanity to less than 20,000 individuals, representing a critically dangerous limit).
Now comes the last great glaciation (Wurm), between 70,000 years ago and 10,000 years ago.
A new volcanic eruption of large proportions (in the current area of Sumatra – Toba’s supervolcano) with all that has been described and the other major eruptions that have led to extinction. But this time, the proportions were much smaller. For example, the eruption lasted only a month, the sunlight was „taken” for only 10 months, but the global cooling that followed „framed” as a kind of return to a new ice age (at that time, Earth it was in an interglacial phase and it is stated that this is the event that triggered the new ice age that lasted about 10,000 years.
Then, after this glacial age, it seems that the flood mentioned in almost all the holy books of the earth’s religions „occurred” because this last glaciation „caught” the man.
And, if I continue to reach man, I will end this post and start the ones about the man … But not before „drawing” some conclusions.
Life has indeed been put to the test many times, proving that each time, it has used death to go further than before. Life has passed over planets of fire, bombed, frozen planets, over impossible pressures and temperatures, over catastrophic cosmic events …
And, each time, he „terraformed” the environment and took advantage of it in all its splendor and diversity.
And, for all this, it only needs water and … Chance?!? Not at all …
The entire cosmos (universe) is finely granted for the existence of life. And this, wherever he finds the vaguest opportunities, will transform everything to exist … Regardless of the form in which it will manifest itself, regardless of the top of the food chain, whether it will end up in a place to start all over again. -another…
This would be the conclusion (which will be „taken over”) of this post …
Love, Gratitude, and Understanding!
Dorin, Merticaru