STUDY - Technical - New Dacian's Medicine
The Human's Story - The Microbiome (Part
I).
Translation Draft
At the end of yesterday’s post, we are launching a real challenge … And, I will start with a question: Human evolution, from a physical point of view, can only be defined by what we have debated so far?!? Or are other, unexpected or possibly unknown elements come in?!?
And I'll start directly with the discoveries of humanity in the last almost 20 years, although there is clear confirmations that these discoveries are still refined and confirmed for more than 50 years, maybe more than 100 years … Yes, for a start I'm going approach a kind of general scientific, materialistic line … Let's see what happens when I get to the other line, the creationist type!
At the end of the previous post, I mentioned a new „genome” project, represented by „The Human Microbiome Project” (HMP) launched in 2008 by the National Institute of Health (NIH) as a conceptual extension and consequence of the Human Genome Project (HGP) which wanted to create a clear, usable genetic map of human DNA.
This project, HMP, was started and is ongoing because it has been found in time, discovery after discovery, that each of us is a superorganism … But not because the researchers of the human genome project have discovered that the human organism has more than 50 times more genes than they expected but because they discovered something else entirely …
It has been discovered that a human body contains about 10 trillion cells and … About 100 trillion cellular elements, generically called bacteria (a trillion is 10 at the 12th power, 1 followed by 12 zeros), that is, about 10 times more bacterial cells compared to human cells …
Yes, this is the human body, just under 10% human cells and over 90% „other cells”, „foreign”, microbes, bacteria … Making up the human body, not counting fungi, molds, and viruses …
Can the brain be assimilated as a leader of this microbiome or possibly, as a leader of its control or the environment in which it evolves?!? Not… So here we are entering a territory where we need some information about the „majority” of the human body …
You can escape this reality by referring to the term „majority” by thinking that we are „characterized” by human DNA, which contains somewhere around 26,000 human genes … But this is a relatively small number, in comparison with, for example, the rice plant having 46,000 genes…
But „against” the human „genes” are „opposed” no more, no less than 100,000 to 10 million microbial genes (depending on the authors „passed”), depending on the characteristics of the individual studied, in thousands, tens of Thousands of variety forms/species with a range of 7,000 to 36,000 „stems/roots” of species, whether genetic or not.
This in the conditions where the study of the human genome suggests that about 5% of the human genome is a mammalian residence, which preserves about 200 million years of evolution, a percentage that diminishes the „human” in us … Indecision can lead to questions such as: „Should this percentage be part of the true human genome or is it part of the microbiome?!?”.
And, these genes of the microbiome are not passive, they express themselves more actively than you might imagine … Our digestion, nutrient processing, immunological response, constituent tissue elements, and many, many others depend almost entirely on them, obviously, through the bacteria that they contain them … Moreover, they are an important part of what the physiology of the human body means, determining its global perceptions of its functionality, represented by the individual's health or disease state …
So, no matter how we look at the problem, here we are effectively overwhelmed by the symbiosis with the microbial „majority” … And, no matter how we try to „twist” the problem, any „trace” of human DNA invariably collides with the „trace” of the microbial DNA. … All of these, given the clear stability of maintaining a distinct microbial identity, both in terms of time (for weeks, months, even years and decades) as well as for the presence area.
For example, from a time point of view, this microbial identity depends on the human body even as we will be born, by contact with the initial symbiosis microbes, favorable due to the compatibility with the mother. Microbes that depend on the mother’s diet and her exposure to the environment and, why not, even her microbiome … But which, de facto, will represent some kind of early, insufficient, ready-to-evolve microbiome …
Thus, children who will be born naturally will have as a distinct, „complementary” microbial base, the mother’s vaginal community (with a predominance of Lactobacillus species, which are the dominant microorganisms in the female vaginal tract).
While the children who will be born through Caesarean section will „benefit” mostly from the microbes that the skin and mouth will come into contact with (dominant in staphylococci, streptococci, etc.), of course with some support from the mother through intrauterine life. Microbes that, in the case of naturally born children, will adaptively supplement the existing microbiome, and not as invasively as in the case of those born through cesarean section.
For this reason, children born by cesarean section will have some health problems, clearly associated with the form of birth, represented by increased percentages of asthma, allergies, even obesity (whatever may be associated with the „contact” with external bacteria, irritating or not). Health problems already confirmed in all the studies.
At this moment it is confirmed that asthma has a maximum incidence not necessarily correlated with the toxicity of the external environment, by the aggressive factors on the respiratory system but, or with the „rescuer” „deficient genetic baggage”, but with the form of birth, the percentage with the number of cesarean sections … Yes, you read that right, the increase in the incidence of this condition has a little connection with pollution but a close connection with the percentage of births by Caesarean section.
Then, correctly, the statistics show that the massive presence of this condition is in the „western” countries, with the „western” lifestyle, industrialized, but the same correlation also occurs at births by cesarean section, which is no longer performed. as the last stage of intervention in difficult births but they are an option to avoid the birth pains, to avoid the deformation of the body and others …
But the prevalence of this condition in pediatric manifestations is completely disproportionate compared to the adult population, thus bringing new support for the hypothesis of correlation with the mode of birth, with Caesarean section, to the detriment of associations but the „irritating” environment.
In detail, when we talk about asthma, especially the allergic type, there is a decrease in the immunological response through the T-type regulatory cells, which „produce” IL10-type molecules as an anti-inflammatory response, against the background of increasing the T2-type and antibody response. IgE type producing molecules of type IL 4, 5, and 13 (inflammatory cytokines) that stimulate inflammation.
So, the „production mechanism” is very clear, well delimited, known, and, thus, the „levers of correction”, of influence …
Moreover, there are already very serious studies developed by medical universities which, depending on this microbiome, can predict the development of many diseases, from the earliest times, especially of allergenic type, such as asthma. And, consequently, it is possible to develop therapeutic elements that will be useful in preventing the development of such conditions.
For this reason, in many clinics around the world, more and more children born by Caesarean section are inoculated, inserting a vaginal cough from the mother’s mouth into the skin to initiate the development of the microbiome. And other therapeutic elements that emerge from the finding that new-born Caesarean sections are rarely breastfed, which is why modern medicine has begun to compensate for this problem by recommending breastfeeding, whether it is from the mother or a substitute (only ).
Then, it is worth mentioning that, there is a clear pattern of stability, regarding the evolution of the microbial population of an individual throughout a lifetime. now… Each population/group of the population has a typical pattern of its own, which is not related to the food particularities, the contact between individuals and the like, is simply a pattern of the geographical area, possibly population…
For example, going back to asthma we discussed earlier, children growing up in environments with multiple microbial presences, such as those of pets, pets, peaks, have a much lower, even canceled, risk of developing asthma, despite much-discussed problems related to cat or dog hair, „contact” with their microbes or those brought by them …
Another strange example, at first glance, is the studies with aerosols of … beetles … Aerosols that have been used to study airway reactions in an attempt to identify allergenic factors … The presence in the air of the subjects of such aerosols has reduced considerably. the presence of the inflammatory group IL 4, 5 and 13 that we discussed previously, to values below those „perceptible” by the human body, proving once again that the natural microbial diversity represents a balancing factor of the functionality of the human body, a factor of elimination of the state disease …
And things go much further than you think. Even the hair follicles, the root of the hair has bacteria that fill this human microbiome. And it does not produce dandruff but it greatly influences the immune response of our body, including selecting which microbes have the „right” to coexist in the existing colonies.
As a parenthesis, studies have shown that the specificity of the microbiome is delimited, from its species constitution, gradually, depending on the „geographical distance” between the populations … And, an alarming fact, the population of a microbiome, from the component species, it decreases directly in proportion to the increase of the access to the western medical services … Obviously to the detriment of the stability of the state of health that decreases with the decrease of the number of species of this microbiome.
I close the bracket with a convincing conclusion … To have protection against the aggressors, including against viruses (as numerous studies have shown), both in the digestive tract and respiratory structures, we need a living bacterial population, typical of the microbiome. our, active … And, this structure will protect us from any aggression, prevent it, or eliminate it …
Returning to the evolution of the microbiome, these exposures to the external environment begin immediately after birth, through „access” to the microbial populations of the mother’s skin, with breastfeeding, interacting with the antimicrobial treatments to be practiced, diversifying with the tangency to solid nutrition, to contact with the community and „agencies” specific to a certain age, a certain community …
From the moment of birth, depending on contacts with microbial populations, nutrition, antibiotic use (antimicrobials), everything will influence more or less significantly what type of microbes will be present at a certain level (digestive tract, skin, etc.) and how they will work independently or in symbiosis.
The passing of years means a continuous expansion of bacterial diversity for up to 3 years (after other authors 4 years, after others „7 years at home”). Age at which, according to the in-depth studies, there is a kind of „initial zone” of microbiome development.
From here, if the development of the microbiome was „weak”, an evolution of a sick individual, with doubtful health status, or, if it has a normal microbiome base, will follow the evolution of adaptable, stable state health, with rapid responses to aggressors, with high adaptability and other parameters of the „strong” individual in terms of the balance of his symbiote, of his body.
For example, samples of intestinal microbiome were collected from children, determining their bacterial dominance … Then, the evolution of the health status of these children was followed and, through various experimental elements, in correlation with the real health status. of children in its evolution over time, it was concluded that the microbiome is the first to react to any infection (local reaction), regardless of source (mold, fungi, bacteria, viruses) and, depending on its reaction, the reaction of the whole comes of the symbiote, the body …
Reaction depending on the reaction of the microbiome, I emphasize …
Going back to the evolution of the microbiome, from this age we identify a diversity similar to that of the adult of the microbiome, even if there is a „specificity” of childhood, adolescence, and, finally, of the adult stage …
Specific is just the fact that the „functional” genes in the microbiome differ depending on the lifetime exposures, represented by pharmaceuticals (especially antibiotics), diet, infections, sex hormones, including toxic elements of the environment … Which have their specific pressure on the microbiome of an individual both on the existing population and on what this microbiome will produce and how it will interact with the host, the human body.
Another specificity of the predominant microbiome is given by the predominant diet … For example, a predominantly vegetable diet will determine a microbiome that readily processes polysaccharides, while a predominantly processed diet will attract simple sugar processing elements, which is a real disadvantage.
Moreover, a diet based on plant products attracts the presence of a stable microbiome, which is particularly effective against any aggressive changes on the part of the environment, being stable, difficult to significantly change, while the diet based on animal products, has large variations of „constitution”. „, Which leads to a clear instability of the microbiome and, consequently, a fairly” perishable „general state of health.
And, important is not only the composition of this microbiome … For example, concerning its metabolism products, we can refer to a very important product of the „digestive” microbiome, represented by the „short-chain” fatty acids that are a „crucial” source of energy for cells, they are anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory, supporting, promoting the symbiotic health of the human body …
Why did I present you all this?!? In no case to underline the advantages of the predominantly vegetarian diet but to evoke that the microbiome that characterizes us as a species is stable under the conditions of such a predominant diet, our body co-evolving with it …
Then, even if it seems „forced”, the microbiome has a massive influence on the health status through incalculable many „levers”. Modern studies show us that any disturbance on the microbiome represents a disturbance of the whole organism … Direct or „remote” disturbance, by affecting the flow of microbial metabolites (which we will discuss later).
Thus, the disturbance of the skin microbiome attracts multiple dermatological conditions, including psoriasis, for example, it has been correlated that disorders of the digestive microbiome are directly correlated with obesity, diabetes, any intervention on the microbiome, leading to rapid healing of these conditions.
Obviously, by extension, almost all diseases of the human body have been rapidly correlated with this microbiome, such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, etc. including those with psychic tenderness, such as autism and depression, though, most of the time, we talk only about the intestinal microbiome, either by direct action or simply through the metabolites of this microbiome.
Well, now is the time to complete this post … With some clear conclusions coming from it, without taking into account the elements of „surprise” type … „moment” conclusions that will outline the possible „continuity” conclusions … So :
Even if the main genetic share is undoubtedly belonging to the microbiome, we will only consider that it only extends the genetic and functional capabilities of the human host.
The human microbiome develops from the earliest age and evolves in direct equilibrium with the organism/superorganism in which it coexists.
The microbiome determines and completes immune functions and gives birth to predispositions to diseases, from the earliest ages.
Metabolites resulting from the activity of the microbiome critically influence the functions of the body, especially the immune ones.
Tomorrow with a complete post to this human microbiome!
Love, Gratitude, and Understanding (Namaste)!
At the end of yesterday’s post, we are launching a real challenge … And, I will start with a question: Human evolution, from a physical point of view, can only be defined by what we have debated so far?!? Or are other, unexpected or possibly unknown elements come in?!?
And I'll start directly with the discoveries of humanity in the last almost 20 years, although there is clear confirmations that these discoveries are still refined and confirmed for more than 50 years, maybe more than 100 years … Yes, for a start I'm going approach a kind of general scientific, materialistic line … Let's see what happens when I get to the other line, the creationist type!
At the end of the previous post, I mentioned a new „genome” project, represented by „The Human Microbiome Project” (HMP) launched in 2008 by the National Institute of Health (NIH) as a conceptual extension and consequence of the Human Genome Project (HGP) which wanted to create a clear, usable genetic map of human DNA.
This project, HMP, was started and is ongoing because it has been found in time, discovery after discovery, that each of us is a superorganism … But not because the researchers of the human genome project have discovered that the human organism has more than 50 times more genes than they expected but because they discovered something else entirely …
It has been discovered that a human body contains about 10 trillion cells and … About 100 trillion cellular elements, generically called bacteria (a trillion is 10 at the 12th power, 1 followed by 12 zeros), that is, about 10 times more bacterial cells compared to human cells …
Yes, this is the human body, just under 10% human cells and over 90% „other cells”, „foreign”, microbes, bacteria … Making up the human body, not counting fungi, molds, and viruses …
Can the brain be assimilated as a leader of this microbiome or possibly, as a leader of its control or the environment in which it evolves?!? Not… So here we are entering a territory where we need some information about the „majority” of the human body …
You can escape this reality by referring to the term „majority” by thinking that we are „characterized” by human DNA, which contains somewhere around 26,000 human genes … But this is a relatively small number, in comparison with, for example, the rice plant having 46,000 genes…
But „against” the human „genes” are „opposed” no more, no less than 100,000 to 10 million microbial genes (depending on the authors „passed”), depending on the characteristics of the individual studied, in thousands, tens of Thousands of variety forms/species with a range of 7,000 to 36,000 „stems/roots” of species, whether genetic or not.
This in the conditions where the study of the human genome suggests that about 5% of the human genome is a mammalian residence, which preserves about 200 million years of evolution, a percentage that diminishes the „human” in us … Indecision can lead to questions such as: „Should this percentage be part of the true human genome or is it part of the microbiome?!?”.
And, these genes of the microbiome are not passive, they express themselves more actively than you might imagine … Our digestion, nutrient processing, immunological response, constituent tissue elements, and many, many others depend almost entirely on them, obviously, through the bacteria that they contain them … Moreover, they are an important part of what the physiology of the human body means, determining its global perceptions of its functionality, represented by the individual's health or disease state …
So, no matter how we look at the problem, here we are effectively overwhelmed by the symbiosis with the microbial „majority” … And, no matter how we try to „twist” the problem, any „trace” of human DNA invariably collides with the „trace” of the microbial DNA. … All of these, given the clear stability of maintaining a distinct microbial identity, both in terms of time (for weeks, months, even years and decades) as well as for the presence area.
For example, from a time point of view, this microbial identity depends on the human body even as we will be born, by contact with the initial symbiosis microbes, favorable due to the compatibility with the mother. Microbes that depend on the mother’s diet and her exposure to the environment and, why not, even her microbiome … But which, de facto, will represent some kind of early, insufficient, ready-to-evolve microbiome …
Thus, children who will be born naturally will have as a distinct, „complementary” microbial base, the mother’s vaginal community (with a predominance of Lactobacillus species, which are the dominant microorganisms in the female vaginal tract).
While the children who will be born through Caesarean section will „benefit” mostly from the microbes that the skin and mouth will come into contact with (dominant in staphylococci, streptococci, etc.), of course with some support from the mother through intrauterine life. Microbes that, in the case of naturally born children, will adaptively supplement the existing microbiome, and not as invasively as in the case of those born through cesarean section.
For this reason, children born by cesarean section will have some health problems, clearly associated with the form of birth, represented by increased percentages of asthma, allergies, even obesity (whatever may be associated with the „contact” with external bacteria, irritating or not). Health problems already confirmed in all the studies.
At this moment it is confirmed that asthma has a maximum incidence not necessarily correlated with the toxicity of the external environment, by the aggressive factors on the respiratory system but, or with the „rescuer” „deficient genetic baggage”, but with the form of birth, the percentage with the number of cesarean sections … Yes, you read that right, the increase in the incidence of this condition has a little connection with pollution but a close connection with the percentage of births by Caesarean section.
Then, correctly, the statistics show that the massive presence of this condition is in the „western” countries, with the „western” lifestyle, industrialized, but the same correlation also occurs at births by cesarean section, which is no longer performed. as the last stage of intervention in difficult births but they are an option to avoid the birth pains, to avoid the deformation of the body and others …
But the prevalence of this condition in pediatric manifestations is completely disproportionate compared to the adult population, thus bringing new support for the hypothesis of correlation with the mode of birth, with Caesarean section, to the detriment of associations but the „irritating” environment.
In detail, when we talk about asthma, especially the allergic type, there is a decrease in the immunological response through the T-type regulatory cells, which „produce” IL10-type molecules as an anti-inflammatory response, against the background of increasing the T2-type and antibody response. IgE type producing molecules of type IL 4, 5, and 13 (inflammatory cytokines) that stimulate inflammation.
So, the „production mechanism” is very clear, well delimited, known, and, thus, the „levers of correction”, of influence …
Moreover, there are already very serious studies developed by medical universities which, depending on this microbiome, can predict the development of many diseases, from the earliest times, especially of allergenic type, such as asthma. And, consequently, it is possible to develop therapeutic elements that will be useful in preventing the development of such conditions.
For this reason, in many clinics around the world, more and more children born by Caesarean section are inoculated, inserting a vaginal cough from the mother’s mouth into the skin to initiate the development of the microbiome. And other therapeutic elements that emerge from the finding that new-born Caesarean sections are rarely breastfed, which is why modern medicine has begun to compensate for this problem by recommending breastfeeding, whether it is from the mother or a substitute (only ).
Then, it is worth mentioning that, there is a clear pattern of stability, regarding the evolution of the microbial population of an individual throughout a lifetime. now… Each population/group of the population has a typical pattern of its own, which is not related to the food particularities, the contact between individuals and the like, is simply a pattern of the geographical area, possibly population…
For example, going back to asthma we discussed earlier, children growing up in environments with multiple microbial presences, such as those of pets, pets, peaks, have a much lower, even canceled, risk of developing asthma, despite much-discussed problems related to cat or dog hair, „contact” with their microbes or those brought by them …
Another strange example, at first glance, is the studies with aerosols of … beetles … Aerosols that have been used to study airway reactions in an attempt to identify allergenic factors … The presence in the air of the subjects of such aerosols has reduced considerably. the presence of the inflammatory group IL 4, 5 and 13 that we discussed previously, to values below those „perceptible” by the human body, proving once again that the natural microbial diversity represents a balancing factor of the functionality of the human body, a factor of elimination of the state disease …
And things go much further than you think. Even the hair follicles, the root of the hair has bacteria that fill this human microbiome. And it does not produce dandruff but it greatly influences the immune response of our body, including selecting which microbes have the „right” to coexist in the existing colonies.
As a parenthesis, studies have shown that the specificity of the microbiome is delimited, from its species constitution, gradually, depending on the „geographical distance” between the populations … And, an alarming fact, the population of a microbiome, from the component species, it decreases directly in proportion to the increase of the access to the western medical services … Obviously to the detriment of the stability of the state of health that decreases with the decrease of the number of species of this microbiome.
I close the bracket with a convincing conclusion … To have protection against the aggressors, including against viruses (as numerous studies have shown), both in the digestive tract and respiratory structures, we need a living bacterial population, typical of the microbiome. our, active … And, this structure will protect us from any aggression, prevent it, or eliminate it …
Returning to the evolution of the microbiome, these exposures to the external environment begin immediately after birth, through „access” to the microbial populations of the mother’s skin, with breastfeeding, interacting with the antimicrobial treatments to be practiced, diversifying with the tangency to solid nutrition, to contact with the community and „agencies” specific to a certain age, a certain community …
From the moment of birth, depending on contacts with microbial populations, nutrition, antibiotic use (antimicrobials), everything will influence more or less significantly what type of microbes will be present at a certain level (digestive tract, skin, etc.) and how they will work independently or in symbiosis.
The passing of years means a continuous expansion of bacterial diversity for up to 3 years (after other authors 4 years, after others „7 years at home”). Age at which, according to the in-depth studies, there is a kind of „initial zone” of microbiome development.
From here, if the development of the microbiome was „weak”, an evolution of a sick individual, with doubtful health status, or, if it has a normal microbiome base, will follow the evolution of adaptable, stable state health, with rapid responses to aggressors, with high adaptability and other parameters of the „strong” individual in terms of the balance of his symbiote, of his body.
For example, samples of intestinal microbiome were collected from children, determining their bacterial dominance … Then, the evolution of the health status of these children was followed and, through various experimental elements, in correlation with the real health status. of children in its evolution over time, it was concluded that the microbiome is the first to react to any infection (local reaction), regardless of source (mold, fungi, bacteria, viruses) and, depending on its reaction, the reaction of the whole comes of the symbiote, the body …
Reaction depending on the reaction of the microbiome, I emphasize …
Going back to the evolution of the microbiome, from this age we identify a diversity similar to that of the adult of the microbiome, even if there is a „specificity” of childhood, adolescence, and, finally, of the adult stage …
Specific is just the fact that the „functional” genes in the microbiome differ depending on the lifetime exposures, represented by pharmaceuticals (especially antibiotics), diet, infections, sex hormones, including toxic elements of the environment … Which have their specific pressure on the microbiome of an individual both on the existing population and on what this microbiome will produce and how it will interact with the host, the human body.
Another specificity of the predominant microbiome is given by the predominant diet … For example, a predominantly vegetable diet will determine a microbiome that readily processes polysaccharides, while a predominantly processed diet will attract simple sugar processing elements, which is a real disadvantage.
Moreover, a diet based on plant products attracts the presence of a stable microbiome, which is particularly effective against any aggressive changes on the part of the environment, being stable, difficult to significantly change, while the diet based on animal products, has large variations of „constitution”. „, Which leads to a clear instability of the microbiome and, consequently, a fairly” perishable „general state of health.
And, important is not only the composition of this microbiome … For example, concerning its metabolism products, we can refer to a very important product of the „digestive” microbiome, represented by the „short-chain” fatty acids that are a „crucial” source of energy for cells, they are anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory, supporting, promoting the symbiotic health of the human body …
Why did I present you all this?!? In no case to underline the advantages of the predominantly vegetarian diet but to evoke that the microbiome that characterizes us as a species is stable under the conditions of such a predominant diet, our body co-evolving with it …
Then, even if it seems „forced”, the microbiome has a massive influence on the health status through incalculable many „levers”. Modern studies show us that any disturbance on the microbiome represents a disturbance of the whole organism … Direct or „remote” disturbance, by affecting the flow of microbial metabolites (which we will discuss later).
Thus, the disturbance of the skin microbiome attracts multiple dermatological conditions, including psoriasis, for example, it has been correlated that disorders of the digestive microbiome are directly correlated with obesity, diabetes, any intervention on the microbiome, leading to rapid healing of these conditions.
Obviously, by extension, almost all diseases of the human body have been rapidly correlated with this microbiome, such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, etc. including those with psychic tenderness, such as autism and depression, though, most of the time, we talk only about the intestinal microbiome, either by direct action or simply through the metabolites of this microbiome.
Well, now is the time to complete this post … With some clear conclusions coming from it, without taking into account the elements of „surprise” type … „moment” conclusions that will outline the possible „continuity” conclusions … So :
Even if the main genetic share is undoubtedly belonging to the microbiome, we will only consider that it only extends the genetic and functional capabilities of the human host.
The human microbiome develops from the earliest age and evolves in direct equilibrium with the organism/superorganism in which it coexists.
The microbiome determines and completes immune functions and gives birth to predispositions to diseases, from the earliest ages.
Metabolites resulting from the activity of the microbiome critically influence the functions of the body, especially the immune ones.
Tomorrow with a complete post to this human microbiome!
Love, Gratitude, and Understanding (Namaste)!
Dorin, Merticaru